From dfc174c18252abb98f2af2c43a7feb7f570dc55b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lingdocs <71590811+lingdocs@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 10 Jul 2021 16:58:54 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] more on spelling --- src/content/index.js | 5 ++ src/content/writing/the-five-yeys.mdx | 121 ++++++++++++++++++-------- src/content/writing/typing-issues.mdx | 39 +++++++++ 3 files changed, 127 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/content/writing/typing-issues.mdx diff --git a/src/content/index.js b/src/content/index.js index 4bfabdd..03d7ef6 100644 --- a/src/content/index.js +++ b/src/content/index.js @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import * as inflectionPatterns from "!babel-loader!mdx-loader!./inflection/infle import * as feminineInflection from "!babel-loader!mdx-loader!./inflection/feminine-inflection.mdx"; import * as theFiveYeys from "!babel-loader!mdx-loader!./writing/the-five-yeys.mdx"; +import * as typingIssues from "!babel-loader!mdx-loader!./writing/typing-issues.mdx"; const contentTree = [ { @@ -149,6 +150,10 @@ const contentTree = [ import: theFiveYeys, slug: "the-five-yeys", }, + { + import: typingIssues, + slug: "typing-issues", + }, ], }, ]; diff --git a/src/content/writing/the-five-yeys.mdx b/src/content/writing/the-five-yeys.mdx index 0bf2f06..de6203d 100644 --- a/src/content/writing/the-five-yeys.mdx +++ b/src/content/writing/the-five-yeys.mdx @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The five ی letters ( + @@ -27,27 +27,27 @@ Below are the five ی's as they are used in most dictionaries, written material, document.getElementById("ey").play()}> - + document.getElementById("e").play()}> - + document.getElementById("ee").play()}> - + document.getElementById("uy").play()}> - + document.getElementById("eyy").play()}> - + @@ -185,49 +185,25 @@ You will also see the ئ letter *in the middle* of some loan words where it indi - - -#### The ـیـ in the middle of words - -When you write a ی or a ي, they both appear as a ـیـ in the middle of words. So when you see a ـیـ it can be either: - -- a "ey" sound -- a "ee" sound -- a "y" sound - -This can lead to confusion when typing or searching for things online. For example when typing the word should you use a ی or a ي in the middle of the word? 🤷‍♂️ Does it matter? Both look exactly the same, but when you type ctrl + f and try to search for it, it makes a big difference! Try it on these words: - -- مینه (spelled with ی) -- مينه (spelled with ي) - -It seems most common to always **use ی when typing in the middle of words**, to avoid confusion. This seems to be the most common practice, but it's not always the case. If you use [qamosona.com](https://qamosona.com/), for example, you will find that the middle of words are often spelled with a ي and so you will need to keep that in mind and use ي in the middle when searching. - -#### ی vs. ى - -Depending on the keyboard used, you might get one of two basically identical looking versions of ی. This can cause massive confusion when search for words. 😖 - -- ی Farsi Yeh ([unicode 06CC](https://unicode-table.com/en/06CC/)) 👍 ✔ -- ى Alef Maksura ([unicode 0649](https://unicode-table.com/en/0649/)) 👎 ❌ - -Make sure you don't have a bad keyboard ⌨🙅‍♂️ that uses the Alef Maksura ى! To check, you can go to [this site](https://unicode-table.com/en/) and type a ی to see which one you're using. - ## Writing Systems in Pakistan export const highlight = { background: "rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.3)" }; -In Pakistan there have been a number of different systems used for writing the Pashto ی's. Unfortunately, there has been a lot of changing and mixing between these various systems. This, along with a lack of Pashto literacy has led to massive confusion and inconsitencies in Pashto spelling in Pakistan. +In Pakistan there have been a number of different systems used for writing the Pashto ی's. Here's a chart of 3 different systems used in Pakistan, with the differences from Standard Afghan spelling highlighted. ### Comparison Chart -
-
Letter
یeyey ai
ېee e
يeeee i
ۍuyuy əj
ئeyyeyy ɛ̝j
+
+
- - - - - + + + + + @@ -329,3 +305,72 @@ Instead of the ی at the end of long-vowel dipthongs, the letter ئ is used in P
StandardPhoneticsPakistani w يPakistani w یOld PakistaniAFSoundPK يPK یOld PK
+ +### Difficulties with Spelling in Pakistan + +In Pakistan, Pashto is more of a spoken language than a written one. Because of a lack of Pashto literacy and a lack of clarity in the writing standards, Pashto written material in Pakistan is often full of errors and inconsistencies. Written material may contain a mixture of the three systems outlined above, so the learner will need to be careful when reading texts from that area. + +#### ے vs ې + +One very common mistake in Pakistan is the use of ے instead of ې. This might be because in the old writing system the letter ے was used for both and , but it is probably also due to a habit of inflecting words with ے as they are in Urdu. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Correct PK w/ ي ✔Incorrect ❌
+ {[ + { p: "د زپې او لهجې په حواله به خبرې کېږي", f: "du jzube aw lahje pu hawaala ba khabure keGee", e: "There will be talk about language and dialect" } + ]} + + {[ + { p: "د زپې او لهجے په حواله به خبرے کېږي", f: "du jzube aw lahje pu hawaala ba khabure keGee", e: "There will be talk about language and dialect" } + ]} +
+ +## Examples of Different Spelling Systems + +##### Standard Afghan + +{[ + { p: "دانه دانه چې یو ځای شي، غر ترې جوړ شي", f: "daana daana che yo dzaay shee, ghur tre joR shee" }, + { p: "په پوښتنه پوښتنه سړی کابل ته رسېدی شي", f: "pu poxtuna poxtuna, saRey kaabul ta rasedey shee" }, + { p: `د کوچي ښځه وايي، زما خاوند کوچی دی، او زه هم کوچۍ یم `, f: `du kochee xudza waayee, zmaa khaawund kochéy dey, aw zu hum kochúy yum.` }, + { p: `تاسو کرسۍ کې کېنئ`, f: `taaso kUrsúy ke keneyy` }, +]} + +##### Pakistani with ي + +{[ + { p: "دانه دانه چې یو ځائ شي، غر ترې جوړ شي", f: "daana daana che yo dzaay shee, ghur tre joR shee" }, + { p: "په پوښتنه پوښتنه سړے کابل ته رسېدے شي", f: "pu poxtuna poxtuna, saRey kaabul ta rasedey shee" }, + { p: `د کوچي ښځه وائي، زما خاوند کوچے دے، او زه هم کوچۍ یم `, f: `du kochee xudza waayee, zmaa khaawund kochéy dey, aw zu hum kochúy yum.` }, + { p: `تاسو کرسۍ کې کېنئ`, f: `taaso kUrsúy ke keneyy` }, +]} + +##### Pakistani with ی + +{[ + { p: "دانه دانه چې یو ځائ شی، غر ترې جوړ شی", f: "daana daana che yo dzaay shee, ghur tre joR shee" }, + { p: "په پوښتنه پوښتنه سړے کابل ته رسېدے شی", f: "pu poxtuna poxtuna, saRey kaabul ta rasedey shee" }, + { p: `د کوچی ښځه وائی، زما خاوند کوچے دے، او زه هم کوچۍ یم `, f: `du kochee xudza waayee, zmaa khaawund kochéy dey, aw zu hum kochúy yum.` }, + { p: `تاسو کرسۍ کې کېنئ`, f: `taaso kUrsúy ke keneyy` }, +]} + +##### Old Pakistani + +{[ + { p: "دانه دانه چه یو ځائ شی، غر ترے جوړ شی", f: "daana daana che yo dzaay shee, ghur tre joR shee" }, + { p: "په پوښتنه پوښتنه سړے کابل ته رسېدے شی", f: "pu poxtuna poxtuna, saRey kaabul ta rasedey shee" }, + { p: `د کوچی ښځه وائی، زما خاوند کوچے دے، او زه هم کوچئ یم `, f: `du kochee xudza waayee, zmaa khaawund kochéy dey, aw zu hum kochúy yum.` }, + { p: `تاسو کرسئ کې کېنئ`, f: `taaso kUrsúy ke keneyy` }, +]} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/content/writing/typing-issues.mdx b/src/content/writing/typing-issues.mdx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..862ff72 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/content/writing/typing-issues.mdx @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +--- +title: Typing Issues ⌨ +--- + +import { + defaultTextOptions as opts, + InlinePs, +} from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector"; + +## Finding a good keyboard 📱 + +Typing proper Pashto on a phone can be difficult, and so many people make do with Urdu or Farsi keyboards. The following two keyboards are reccommended for good Pashto support: + +- For Android: [GBoard - the Google Keyboard](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.inputmethod.latin&hl=en&gl=US) +- For iOS: the native iOS keyboard. + +## The ـیـ in the middle of words + +When you write a ی or a ي, they both appear as a ـیـ in the middle of words. So when you see a ـیـ it can be either: + +- a "ey" sound +- a "ee" sound +- a "y" sound + +This can lead to confusion when typing or searching for things online. For example when typing the word should you use a ی or a ي in the middle of the word? 🤷‍♂️ Does it matter? Both look exactly the same, but when you type ctrl + f and try to search for it, it makes a big difference! Try it on these words: + +- مینه (spelled with ی) +- مينه (spelled with ي) + +It seems best to always **use ی when typing in the middle of words**, to avoid confusion. This seems to be the most common practice, but it's not always the case. If you use [qamosona.com](https://qamosona.com/), for example, you will find that the middle of words are often spelled with a ي and so you will need to keep that in mind and use ي in the middle when searching. + +## ی vs. ى + +Depending on the keyboard used, you might get one of two basically identical looking versions of ی. This can cause massive confusion when search for words. 😖 + +- ی Farsi Yeh ([unicode 06CC](https://unicode-table.com/en/06CC/)) 👍 ✔ +- ى Alef Maksura ([unicode 0649](https://unicode-table.com/en/0649/)) 👎 ❌ + +Make sure you don't have a bad keyboard ⌨🙅‍♂️ that uses the Alef Maksura ى! To check, you can go to [this site](https://unicode-table.com/en/) and type a ی to see which one you're using. \ No newline at end of file