starting passive page
This commit is contained in:
lingdocs
parent
0c9e4ede45
commit
d293a5d05e
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
|
||||||
"@formkit/auto-animate": "^1.0.0-beta.1",
|
"@formkit/auto-animate": "^1.0.0-beta.1",
|
||||||
"@fortawesome/fontawesome-free": "^5.15.4",
|
"@fortawesome/fontawesome-free": "^5.15.4",
|
||||||
"@lingdocs/lingdocs-main": "^0.3.1",
|
"@lingdocs/lingdocs-main": "^0.3.1",
|
||||||
"@lingdocs/pashto-inflector": "^3.5.3",
|
"@lingdocs/pashto-inflector": "^3.5.4",
|
||||||
"@testing-library/jest-dom": "^5.11.4",
|
"@testing-library/jest-dom": "^5.11.4",
|
||||||
"@testing-library/react": "^11.1.0",
|
"@testing-library/react": "^11.1.0",
|
||||||
"@testing-library/user-event": "^12.1.10",
|
"@testing-library/user-event": "^12.1.10",
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ import * as perfectVerbsIntro from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./verbs/p
|
||||||
// @ts-ignore
|
// @ts-ignore
|
||||||
import * as allPerfectVerbs from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./verbs/all-perfect-verbs.mdx";
|
import * as allPerfectVerbs from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./verbs/all-perfect-verbs.mdx";
|
||||||
// @ts-ignore
|
// @ts-ignore
|
||||||
import * as passiveVerbs from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./verbs/passive-verbs.mdx";
|
import * as passiveVoice from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./verbs/passive-voice.mdx";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// @ts-ignore
|
// @ts-ignore
|
||||||
import * as compoundVerbsIntro from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./compound-verbs/intro.mdx";
|
import * as compoundVerbsIntro from "!babel-loader!@lingdocs/mdx-loader!./compound-verbs/intro.mdx";
|
||||||
|
|
@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ const contentTree: (ChapterSection | ChaptersSection)[] = [
|
||||||
slug: "verb-endings",
|
slug: "verb-endings",
|
||||||
},
|
},
|
||||||
{
|
{
|
||||||
import: passiveVerbs,
|
import: passiveVoice,
|
||||||
slug: "passive-verbs",
|
slug: "passive-voice",
|
||||||
},
|
},
|
||||||
],
|
],
|
||||||
},
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
title: Passive Verbs
|
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
import {
|
|
||||||
defaultTextOptions as opts,
|
|
||||||
Examples,
|
|
||||||
InlinePs,
|
|
||||||
} from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector";
|
|
||||||
import { KidsSection, VP, KingIcon, ServantIcon } from "../../components/terms-links";
|
|
||||||
import psmd from "../../lib/psmd";
|
|
||||||
import Link from "../../components/Link";
|
|
||||||
import Formula from "../../components/formula/Formula";
|
|
||||||
import VideoPlayer from "../../components/VideoPlayer";
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<VideoPlayer src="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaVbnx5FQps" />
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Transitive verbs in Pashto can be used in the [passive voice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_voice). In the passive voice the object moves over to the role of the subject and the verb talks about the action being done to it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<table class="table">
|
|
||||||
<thead>
|
|
||||||
<tr>
|
|
||||||
<th scope="col">Active Voice</th>
|
|
||||||
<th scope="col">Passive Voice</th>
|
|
||||||
</tr>
|
|
||||||
</thead>
|
|
||||||
<tbody>
|
|
||||||
<tr>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "زه کتاب لیکم",
|
|
||||||
f: "zu kitáab leekúm",
|
|
||||||
e: "I (subject) am writing a book (object)",
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "کتاب لیکل کېږي",
|
|
||||||
f: "kitáab leekul kéGee",
|
|
||||||
e: "A book (subject) is being written",
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
</tr>
|
|
||||||
<tr>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "هغوي پښټو وايي",
|
|
||||||
f: "haghwée puxto waayee",
|
|
||||||
e: "They (subject) are speaking Pashto (object)",
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "پښتو وایل کېږي",
|
|
||||||
f: "puxto waayul kéGee",
|
|
||||||
e: "Pashto (subject) is spoken",
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
</tr>
|
|
||||||
<tr>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "ما ډوډۍ وخوړله",
|
|
||||||
f: "maa DoDúy óokhoRula",
|
|
||||||
e: "I (subject) ate food (object)",
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
<td>
|
|
||||||
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
p: "ډوډۍ وخوړل شوه",
|
|
||||||
f: "DoDúy óokhoRul shwa",
|
|
||||||
e: "Food (subject) was eaten",
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
]}</Examples>
|
|
||||||
</td>
|
|
||||||
</tr>
|
|
||||||
</tbody>
|
|
||||||
</table>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## How to make passive forms
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
IN PROGRESS
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Examples
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Note on past tense
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
title: Passive Voice
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import {
|
||||||
|
defaultTextOptions as opts,
|
||||||
|
Examples,
|
||||||
|
InlinePs,
|
||||||
|
RootsAndStems,
|
||||||
|
conjugateVerb,
|
||||||
|
getVerbInfo,
|
||||||
|
getPassiveRootsAndStems,
|
||||||
|
} from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector";
|
||||||
|
import { KidsSection, VP, KingIcon, ServantIcon } from "../../components/terms-links";
|
||||||
|
import psmd from "../../lib/psmd";
|
||||||
|
import Link from "../../components/Link";
|
||||||
|
import Formula from "../../components/formula/Formula";
|
||||||
|
import VideoPlayer from "../../components/VideoPlayer";
|
||||||
|
import EditableVPEx, { EditIcon } from "../../components/phrase-diagram/EditableVPEx";
|
||||||
|
export const leedulInfo = getVerbInfo({"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"});
|
||||||
|
export const passiveLeedulInfo = getPassiveRootsAndStems(leedulInfo);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<VideoPlayer src="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaVbnx5FQps" />
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Transitive verbs in Pashto can be used in the [passive voice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_voice). In the passive voice the object moves over to the role of the subject and the verb talks about the action being done to it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<table class="table">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<th scope="col">Active Voice</th>
|
||||||
|
<th scope="col">Passive Voice</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "زه کتاب لیکم",
|
||||||
|
f: "zu kitáab leekúm",
|
||||||
|
e: "I (subject) am writing a book (object)",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "کتاب لیکل کېږي",
|
||||||
|
f: "kitáab leekul kéGee",
|
||||||
|
e: "A book (subject) is being written",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "هغوي پښټو وايي",
|
||||||
|
f: "haghwée puxto waayee",
|
||||||
|
e: "They (subject) are speaking Pashto (object)",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "پښتو وایل کېږي",
|
||||||
|
f: "puxto waayul kéGee",
|
||||||
|
e: "Pashto (subject) is spoken",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "ما ډوډۍ وخوړله",
|
||||||
|
f: "maa DoDúy óokhoRula",
|
||||||
|
e: "I (subject) ate food (object)",
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<Examples opts={opts}>{[
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
p: "ډوډۍ وخوړل شوه",
|
||||||
|
f: "DoDúy óokhoRul shwa",
|
||||||
|
e: "Food (subject) was eaten",
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
]}</Examples>
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Making passive roots and stems
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To make passive forms we will just need to change the 🌳 <Link to="/verbs/roots-and-stems/">roots and stems</Link> of the verb.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This can be done in two simple steps: 👨🍳
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. Copy the roots up to the stems
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
First we need to take just the **long form** of the roots on the bottom, and copy those to use for the stems and the past participle.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For example, with the verb <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "لیدل", f: "leedúl", e: "to see" }} /> we have roots and stems like this in the active voice:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={leedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So let's use **just the long form of the roots** and also copy them to for the stems and the past participle...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={{
|
||||||
|
"entry": {
|
||||||
|
"entry": {
|
||||||
|
"ts": 1527812275,
|
||||||
|
"i": 11623,
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedul",
|
||||||
|
"g": "leedul",
|
||||||
|
"e": "to see",
|
||||||
|
"c": "v. trans.",
|
||||||
|
"psp": "وین",
|
||||||
|
"psf": "ween",
|
||||||
|
"tppp": "لید",
|
||||||
|
"tppf": "leed",
|
||||||
|
"ec": "see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"transitivity": "transitive",
|
||||||
|
"yulEnding": false,
|
||||||
|
"root": {
|
||||||
|
"imperfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedúl"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"perfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "ولیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "óoleedul"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"perfectiveSplit": [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"p": "و",
|
||||||
|
"f": "óo"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedul"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"stem": {
|
||||||
|
"imperfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedúl"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"perfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "ولیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "óoleedul"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"perfectiveSplit": [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"p": "و",
|
||||||
|
"f": "óo"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدل",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedul"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"participle": {
|
||||||
|
"past": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدلی",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedúley"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"present": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "لیدونکی",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leedóonkey"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"idiosyncraticThirdMascSing": {
|
||||||
|
"imperfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "لید",
|
||||||
|
"f": "leed"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"perfective": {
|
||||||
|
"p": "ولید",
|
||||||
|
"f": "óoleed"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"type": "simple"
|
||||||
|
}} />
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. Add the helper verb کېدل - to become
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And then we take the roots and stems for <Link to="/compound-verbs/helper-verbs/#کېدل---to-become"><InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کېدل", f: "kedúl", e: "to become" }} /></Link>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={leedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And add that to our roots and stems we made in <Link to="/verbs/passive-verbs/#1-copy-the-roots-up-to-the-stems">the previous step</Link> and we're done!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div className="text-center lead">Passive Roots/Stems of <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "لیدل", f: "leedúl", e: "to see" }} /></div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There we go! Now we have all the roots and stems we need to make passive verb forms.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Using passive roots and stems
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Once we've made our <Link to="/verbs/passive-verbs/#how-to-make-passive-forms">passive roots and stems</Link> we can use them follow *the exact same verb formulas* to build all the same verb tenses, just in the passive voice.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Let's try making different tenses with the passive roots and stems we just made for <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "لیدل", f: "leedúl", e: "to see" }} />
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For example we know that to make the <Link to="/verbs/present-verbs/">present tense</Link> we use the formula:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<Formula>
|
||||||
|
Imperfective Stem + <Link to="/verbs/verb-endings/">Present Ending</Link>
|
||||||
|
</Formula>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So now we can use the *imperfective stem* of these passive roots and stems:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
highlighted={["imperfective stem"]}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
and say something like:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"presentVerb","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We also know that for the <Link to="/verbs/subjunctive-verbs/">subjunctive</Link> we use the formula:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<Formula>
|
||||||
|
Perfective Stem + <Link to="/verbs/verb-endings/">Present Ending</Link>
|
||||||
|
</Formula>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So let's take our passive *perfective stem*:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
highlighted={["perfective stem"]}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
and say...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"subjunctiveVerb","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We could do this same process for the future tense, using the imperfective and perfective roots to make the imperfective future,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"imperfectiveFuture","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
and the perfective future:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"perfectiveFuture","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Again, same thing for the past tense verbs. We know that the <Link to="/verbs/past-verbs/">simple past</Link> is made with the formula:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<Formula>
|
||||||
|
Perfective root +{` `}
|
||||||
|
<Link to="/verbs/verb-endings/#past-verb-endings">Past verb ending</Link>
|
||||||
|
</Formula>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So we can grab the *perfective root*:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
highlighted={["perfective root"]}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
and make a phrase like,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"perfectivePast","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Again, same thing for the past tense verbs. We know that the <Link to="/verbs/past-verbs/#simple-past">simple past</Link> is made with the formula:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<Formula>
|
||||||
|
Perfective root +{` `}
|
||||||
|
<Link to="/verbs/verb-endings/#past-verb-endings">Past verb ending</Link>
|
||||||
|
</Formula>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So we take the *perfective root*:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
highlighted={["perfective root"]}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And we can say
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"perfectivePast","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Important note:** With the passive voice, we don't have an object anymore, so these phrases will follow the <Link to="/phrase-structure/vp/#1-with-intransitive-verbs-">phrase structure for intransitive verbs</Link>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The <Link to="/verbs/past-verbs/#continuous-past">continuous past</Link> is made with the formula:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<Formula>
|
||||||
|
Imperfective root +{` `}
|
||||||
|
<Link to="/verbs/verb-endings/#past-verb-endings">Past verb ending</Link>
|
||||||
|
</Formula>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So we can grab the *imperfective root*:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<RootsAndStems
|
||||||
|
textOptions={opts}
|
||||||
|
info={passiveLeedulInfo}
|
||||||
|
highlighted={["imperfective root"]}
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
and make a phrase like,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"imperfectivePast","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Also same thing for making perfect forms, just follow <Link to="/verbs/perfect-verbs-intro/#how-to-make-perfect-tenses-">the same formula as we learned before</Link>. (<samp>Past participle + Equative</samp>)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"imperfectivePast","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"perfect","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<EditableVPEx opts={opts}>{
|
||||||
|
{"blocks":[{"key":0.519783070125974,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.9491826191102801,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":"none"}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11623,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"imperfectivePast","perfectTense":"pastPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"perfect","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"passive","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}}
|
||||||
|
}</EditableVPEx>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So we see that to make verb forms in the passive forms we follow all the same formulas as we did with the active voice, but just using these new <Link to="/verbs/passive-voice#making-passive-roots-and-stems">passive roots and stems</Link>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### More examples
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
IN PROGRESS
|
||||||
|
|
@ -1803,10 +1803,10 @@
|
||||||
rambda "^6.7.0"
|
rambda "^6.7.0"
|
||||||
react-select "^5.2.2"
|
react-select "^5.2.2"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
"@lingdocs/pashto-inflector@^3.5.3":
|
"@lingdocs/pashto-inflector@^3.5.4":
|
||||||
version "3.5.3"
|
version "3.5.4"
|
||||||
resolved "https://npm.lingdocs.com/@lingdocs%2fpashto-inflector/-/pashto-inflector-3.5.3.tgz#3e07fe0c0d6bb12534e3580240acabd612f6f03f"
|
resolved "https://npm.lingdocs.com/@lingdocs%2fpashto-inflector/-/pashto-inflector-3.5.4.tgz#deb03eded12d432545953401aba8274ee07046cc"
|
||||||
integrity sha512-aZc2Cm1MxGX7OkeiAB908sZjPCYf+cO2+0OGwDKFDauef6zsRxvj0qb/S5xu7E3jQN7Qdx6+g9nx2YV/YqIklA==
|
integrity sha512-lCoidoOBjGjvtRPwnBy6UTE8Q50j1/ux/gXrXaxdfxi+URdxg2/EuDlHK3stgTM9kHPh91kfkVzjfY3aj+I23w==
|
||||||
dependencies:
|
dependencies:
|
||||||
"@formkit/auto-animate" "^1.0.0-beta.1"
|
"@formkit/auto-animate" "^1.0.0-beta.1"
|
||||||
classnames "^2.2.6"
|
classnames "^2.2.6"
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue