diff --git a/src/components/phrase-builder/PhraseBuilder.tsx b/src/components/phrase-builder/PhraseBuilder.tsx
index 110f340..d701b85 100644
--- a/src/components/phrase-builder/PhraseBuilder.tsx
+++ b/src/components/phrase-builder/PhraseBuilder.tsx
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ import {
     isInvalidSubjObjCombo,
 } from "../../lib/np-tools";
 
-function verbPhraseComplete({ subject, verb }: { subject: NPSelection | undefined, verb: VerbSelection | undefined }): VPSelection | undefined {
+function verbPhraseComplete({ subject, verb, shrinkServant }: { subject: NPSelection | undefined, verb: VerbSelection | undefined, shrinkServant: boolean }): VPSelection | undefined {
     if (!subject) return undefined;
     if (!verb) return undefined;
     if (verb.object === undefined) return undefined;
     return {
         type: "VPSelection",
+        shrinkServant,
         subject,
         object: verb.object,
         verb,
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ function verbPhraseComplete({ subject, verb }: { subject: NPSelection | undefine
 export function PhraseBuilder() {
     const [subject, setSubject] = useState<NPSelection | undefined>(undefined);
     const [verb, setVerb] = useState<VerbSelection | undefined>(undefined);
+    const [shrinkServant, setShrinkServant] = useState<boolean>(false);
     function handleSubjectChange(subject: NPSelection | undefined) {
         const objPronoun = (typeof verb?.object === "object" && verb.object.type === "pronoun")
             ? verb.object.person
@@ -55,7 +57,10 @@ export function PhraseBuilder() {
             object,
         });
     }
-    const verbPhrase: VPSelection | undefined = verbPhraseComplete({ subject, verb });
+    function handleShrinkServantChange(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
+        setShrinkServant(e.target.checked);
+    }
+    const verbPhrase: VPSelection | undefined = verbPhraseComplete({ subject, verb, shrinkServant });
     return <div>
         <div className="d-flex flex-row justify-content-between">
             <div className="mr-2">
@@ -75,6 +80,17 @@ export function PhraseBuilder() {
                 <VerbPicker verbs={verbs} verb={verb} onChange={setVerb} />
             </div>
         </div>
+        {/* TODO: make this appear conditionally */}
+        {(verbPhrase?.object && typeof verbPhrase.object === "object") && <div className="form-group form-check">
+            <input
+                className="form-check-input"
+                name="shrinkServant"
+                type="checkbox"
+                checked={shrinkServant}
+                onChange={handleShrinkServantChange}
+            />
+            <label className="form-check-label">Shrink servant</label>
+        </div>}
         {verbPhrase && <div>
             <VPDisplay VP={verbPhrase} />
         </div>}
diff --git a/src/components/phrase-builder/VPDisplay.tsx b/src/components/phrase-builder/VPDisplay.tsx
index 7a14d45..36963bc 100644
--- a/src/components/phrase-builder/VPDisplay.tsx
+++ b/src/components/phrase-builder/VPDisplay.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
 } from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector";
 
 function VPDisplay({ VP }: { VP: VPSelection }) {
+    // TODO: Possibly put the servant shrinking in here after the render
     const result = compileVP(renderVP(VP));
     const rPs = "long" in result.ps ? result.ps.long : result.ps; 
     return <div className="text-center mt-2">
diff --git a/src/lib/phrase-building/compile-vp.ts b/src/lib/phrase-building/compile-vp.ts
index a94824a..9657220 100644
--- a/src/lib/phrase-building/compile-vp.ts
+++ b/src/lib/phrase-building/compile-vp.ts
@@ -2,97 +2,136 @@ import {
     Types as T,
     concatPsString,
     removeAccents,
+    grammarUnits,
+    getVerbBlockPosFromPerson,
 } from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector";
 
+type ListOfEntities = T.PsString[][];
+
 export function compileVP(VP: VPRendered): { ps: T.SingleOrLengthOpts<T.PsString[]>, e?: string [] } {
-    console.log(VP);
     const { head, rest } = VP.verb.ps;
-    const subj = VP.subject.ps;
-    const obj = typeof VP.object === "object" ? VP.object.ps : undefined;
-    // better: feed in array of NPs [subj, obj, etc...]
+    const { kids, NPs } = shrinkEntitiesAndGatherKids(VP);
     return {
-        ps: arrangePs(subj, obj, head, rest, VP.verb.negative),
+        ps: compilePs(NPs, head, rest, VP.verb.negative, kids),
         e: compileEnglish(VP),
     };
 }
 
-function arrangePs(
-    subj: T.PsString[],
-    obj: T.PsString[] | undefined,
+function compilePs(
+    nps: ListOfEntities,
     head: T.PsString | undefined,
     rest: T.PsString[],
     negative: boolean,
+    kids: ListOfEntities,
 ): T.PsString[];
-function arrangePs(
-    subj: T.PsString[],
-    obj: T.PsString[] | undefined,
+function compilePs(
+    nps: ListOfEntities,
     head: T.PsString | undefined,
     rest: T.SingleOrLengthOpts<T.PsString[]>,
     negative: boolean,
+    kids: ListOfEntities,
 ): T.SingleOrLengthOpts<T.PsString[]>;
-function arrangePs(
-    subj: T.PsString[],
-    obj: T.PsString[] | undefined,
+function compilePs(
+    nps: ListOfEntities,
     head: T.PsString | undefined,
     rest: T.SingleOrLengthOpts<T.PsString[]>,
     negative: boolean,
+    kids: ListOfEntities,
 ): T.SingleOrLengthOpts<T.PsString[]> {
     if ("long" in rest) {
         return {
-            long: arrangePs(subj, obj, head, rest.long, negative),
-            short: arrangePs(subj, obj, head, rest.short, negative),
+            long: compilePs(nps, head, rest.long, negative, kids),
+            short: compilePs(nps, head, rest.short, negative, kids),
             ...rest.mini ? {
-                mini: arrangePs(subj, obj, head, rest.mini, negative),
+                mini: compilePs(nps, head, rest.mini, negative, kids),
             } : {},
         };
     }
-    const verbWNeg = arrangeVerbWNeg(head, rest, negative);
-    if (obj) {
-        return subj.flatMap(s => (
-            obj.flatMap(o => 
-                verbWNeg.flatMap(v => (
-                    concatPsString(s, " ", o, " ", v)
-                    // concatPsString(o, " ", s, " ", v),
-                ))
-            ))
-        );
+    const entities: ListOfEntities = [
+        ...nps,
+        ...compileVerbWNegative(head, rest, negative)
+    ];
+    const entitiesWKids = putKidsInKidsSection(entities, kids);
+    return combineEntities(entitiesWKids);
+}
+
+function shrinkEntitiesAndGatherKids(VP: VPRendered): { kids: ListOfEntities, NPs: ListOfEntities } {
+    const main = {
+        subject: VP.subject.ps,
+        object: typeof VP.object === "object" ? VP.object.ps : undefined,
     }
-    return subj.flatMap(s => (
-        verbWNeg.flatMap(v => (
-            concatPsString(s, " ", v)
+    const toShrink = (VP.shrinkServant && VP.servant)
+        ? VP[VP.servant]
+        : undefined;
+    if (!toShrink || typeof toShrink !== "object") {
+        return {
+            kids: [],
+            NPs: [main.subject, ...main.object ? [main.object] : []]
+        };
+    }
+    const king = main[VP.king];
+    if (!king) {
+        throw new Error("lost the king in the shrinking process");
+    }
+    return {
+        kids: [shrink(toShrink)],
+        NPs: [],
+    }
+}
+
+function shrink(np: Rendered<NPSelection>): T.PsString[] {
+    const person: T.Person = np.type === "participle"
+        ? T.Person.ThirdPlurMale
+        // @ts-ignore
+        : np.person;
+    const [row, col] = getVerbBlockPosFromPerson(person);
+    return grammarUnits.pronouns.mini[row][col];
+}
+
+function putKidsInKidsSection(entities: ListOfEntities, kids: ListOfEntities): ListOfEntities {
+    const first = entities[0];
+    const rest = entities.slice(1);
+    return [
+        first,
+        ...kids,
+        ...rest,
+    ];
+}
+
+function combineEntities(loe: ListOfEntities): T.PsString[] {
+    const first = loe[0];
+    const rest = loe.slice(1);
+    if (!rest.length) return first;
+    return combineEntities(rest).flatMap(r => (
+        first.map(ps => concatPsString(
+            ps,
+            ps.p === "و" ? { p: "", f: "-" } : " ",
+            r,
         ))
     ));
 }
 
-function arrangeVerbWNeg(head: T.PsString | undefined, rest: T.PsString[], negative: boolean): T.PsString[] {
-    if (!negative) {
-        return rest.map(ps => concatPsString(head || "", ps));
-    }
 
+function compileVerbWNegative(head: T.PsString | undefined, rest: T.PsString[], negative: boolean): ListOfEntities {
+    if (!negative) {
+        return [
+            ...head ? [[head]] : [],
+            rest,
+        ];
+    }
     const nu: T.PsString = { p: "نه", f: "nú" };
     if (!head) {
-        return rest.map(r => concatPsString(nu, " ", removeAccents(r)));
+        return [
+            [nu],
+            rest.map(r => removeAccents(r)),
+        ];
     }
-    const regularPrefix = head.p === "و" || head.p === "وا";
-    const withNuAfterHead = rest.map(r => concatPsString(
-        removeAccents(head),
-        { p: "", f: "-" },
-        nu,
-        " ",
-        removeAccents(r),
-    ));
-    if (regularPrefix) {
-        return withNuAfterHead;
-    }
-    const withNuBeforeHead = rest.map(r => concatPsString(
-        nu,
-        " ",
-        removeAccents(head),
-        removeAccents(r),
-    ));
+    // const regularPrefix = head.p === "و" || head.p === "وا";
+    // if (regularPrefix) {
+    // dashes for oo-nu etc
     return [
-        ...withNuAfterHead,
-        ...withNuBeforeHead,
+        [removeAccents(head)],
+        rest.map(r => concatPsString(nu, " ", removeAccents(r)))
     ];
 }
 
diff --git a/src/lib/phrase-building/render-vp.ts b/src/lib/phrase-building/render-vp.ts
index 0721234..cd6a640 100644
--- a/src/lib/phrase-building/render-vp.ts
+++ b/src/lib/phrase-building/render-vp.ts
@@ -12,12 +12,16 @@ import {
 import {
     psStringFromEntry,
 } from "../text-tools";
+import {
+    getPersonFromNP,
+} from "./vp-tools";
+import { isPattern4Entry } from "../type-predicates";
 
 export function renderVP(VP: VPSelection): VPRendered {
     // Sentence Rules Logic
     const isPast = isPastTense(VP.verb.tense);
     const isTransitive = VP.object !== "none";
-    const { king, /* servant */ } = getKingAndServant(isPast, isTransitive);
+    const { king, servant } = getKingAndServant(isPast, isTransitive);
     const kingPerson = getPersonFromNP(VP[king]);
     // TODO: more elegant way of handling this type safety
     if (kingPerson === undefined) {
@@ -26,11 +30,16 @@ export function renderVP(VP: VPSelection): VPRendered {
     const subjectPerson = getPersonFromNP(VP.subject);
     const objectPerson = getPersonFromNP(VP.object);
     // TODO: also don't inflect if it's a pattern one animate noun
-    const inflectSubject = isPast && isTransitive;
+    const inflectSubject = isPast && isTransitive && !isSingularAnimatePattern4(VP.subject);
     const inflectObject = !isPast && isFirstOrSecondPersPronoun(VP.object);
     // Render Elements
     return {
         type: "VPRendered",
+        king,
+        servant,
+        isPast,
+        isTransitive,
+        shrinkServant: VP.shrinkServant,
         subject: renderNPSelection(VP.subject, inflectSubject, false, "subject"),
         object: renderNPSelection(VP.object, inflectObject, true, "object"),
         verb: renderVerbSelection(VP.verb, kingPerson, objectPerson),
@@ -292,24 +301,6 @@ function getTenseVerbForm(conj: T.VerbConjugation, tense: VerbTense): T.VerbForm
     throw new Error("unknown tense");
 }
 
-function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection): T.Person;
-function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection | ObjectNP): T.Person | undefined;
-function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection | ObjectNP): T.Person | undefined {
-    if (np === "none") {
-        return undefined;
-    }
-    if (typeof np === "number") return np;
-    if (np.type === "participle") {
-        return T.Person.ThirdPlurMale;
-    }
-    if (np.type === "pronoun") {
-        return np.person;
-    }
-    return np.number === "plural"
-        ? (np.gender === "masc" ? T.Person.ThirdPlurMale : T.Person.ThirdPlurFemale)
-        : (np.gender === "masc" ? T.Person.ThirdSingMale : T.Person.ThirdSingFemale);
-}
-
 function getEnglishParticiple(entry: T.DictionaryEntry): string {
     if (!entry.ec) {
         console.log("errored participle");
@@ -349,7 +340,6 @@ function getInf(infs: T.InflectorOutput, t: "plural" | "arabicPlural" | "inflect
         // @ts-ignore
         const iset = infs[t][gender] as T.InflectionSet;
         const inflectionNumber = (inflected ? 1 : 0) + ((t === "inflections" && plural) ? 1 : 0);
-        console.log({ t, plural, inflectionNumber });
         return iset[inflectionNumber];
     }
     return [];
@@ -390,3 +380,10 @@ function isPerfective(t: VerbTense): boolean {
     }
     throw new Error("tense not implemented yet");
 }
+
+function isSingularAnimatePattern4(np: NPSelection): boolean {
+    if (np.type !== "noun") {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return isPattern4Entry(np.entry) && np.entry.c.includes("anim.") && (np.number === "singular");
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/phrase-building/vp-tools.ts b/src/lib/phrase-building/vp-tools.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05b4eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/phrase-building/vp-tools.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import {
+    Types as T,
+} from "@lingdocs/pashto-inflector";
+
+export function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection): T.Person;
+export function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection | ObjectNP): T.Person | undefined;
+export function getPersonFromNP(np: NPSelection | ObjectNP): T.Person | undefined {
+    if (np === "none") {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    if (typeof np === "number") return np;
+    if (np.type === "participle") {
+        return T.Person.ThirdPlurMale;
+    }
+    if (np.type === "pronoun") {
+        return np.person;
+    }
+    return np.number === "plural"
+        ? (np.gender === "masc" ? T.Person.ThirdPlurMale : T.Person.ThirdPlurFemale)
+        : (np.gender === "masc" ? T.Person.ThirdSingMale : T.Person.ThirdSingFemale);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/types/gen-g.d.ts b/src/types/gen-g.d.ts
index 2bec88a..e0feb83 100644
--- a/src/types/gen-g.d.ts
+++ b/src/types/gen-g.d.ts
@@ -10,11 +10,17 @@ type VPSelection = {
     subject: NPSelection,
     object: Exclude<VerbObject, undefined>,
     verb: Exclude<VerbSelection, "object">,
+    shrinkServant: boolean,
 };
 
 // TODO: make this Rendered<VPSelection> with recursive Rendered<>
 type VPRendered = {
     type: "VPRendered",
+    king: "subject" | "object",
+    servant: "subject" | "object" | undefined,
+    shrinkServant: boolean,
+    isPast: boolean,
+    isTransitive: boolean,
     subject: Rendered<NPSelection>,
     object: Rendered<NPSelection> | ObjectNP,
     verb: VerbRendered,