diff --git a/src/components/Link.tsx b/src/components/Link.tsx
index 6d93fd8..b0ce4b8 100644
--- a/src/components/Link.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Link.tsx
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
import { HashLink } from 'react-router-hash-link';
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
-import type { CSSProperties } from 'react';
+import type { CSSProperties, ReactElement, ReactNode } from 'react';
// import scrollWithOffset from "../../lib/scroll-with-offset.js";
export default function L(props: {
to: string,
style?: CSSProperties,
- children: string | JSX.Element,
+ children: string | ReactNode,
className?: string,
}) {
const { to } = props || "";
diff --git a/src/components/terms-links.tsx b/src/components/terms-links.tsx
index 5bc5357..507b30b 100644
--- a/src/components/terms-links.tsx
+++ b/src/components/terms-links.tsx
@@ -58,4 +58,20 @@ export function KingIcon() {
export function ServantIcon() {
return ;
-};
\ No newline at end of file
+};
+
+export function Servant({ text }: { text: string }) {
+ return {` `}{text || "servant"};
+}
+
+export function King({ text }: { text: string }) {
+ return {` `}{text || "king"};
+}
+
+export function Perfective({ text }: { text: string }) {
+ return {` `}{text || "perfective"};
+}
+
+export function Imperfective({ text }: { text: string }) {
+ return {` `}{text || "imperfective"}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/content/index.ts b/src/content/index.ts
index ec718b7..1d47115 100644
--- a/src/content/index.ts
+++ b/src/content/index.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ import * as passiveVoice from "./verbs/passive-voice.mdx";
import * as ability from "./verbs/ability.mdx";
// @ts-ignore
import * as masterChart from "./verbs/master-chart.mdx";
+// @ts-ignore
+import * as jussive from "./verbs/jussive.mdx";
// @ts-ignore
import * as compoundVerbsIntro from "./compound-verbs/intro.mdx";
@@ -283,6 +285,10 @@ export const contentTree: (ChapterSection | ChaptersSection)[] = /* content-tree
"import": ability,
"slug": "ability"
},
+ {
+ "import": jussive,
+ "slug": "jussive",
+ },
{
"import": passiveVoice,
"slug": "passive-voice"
diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-cowboys-source.pxd b/src/content/verbs/de-cowboys-source.pxd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a31f2
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diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-cowboys.jpg b/src/content/verbs/de-cowboys.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4493634
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diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-not-ok.jpg b/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-not-ok.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9be976c
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diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-ok-source .pxd b/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-ok-source .pxd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5940d64
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diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-ok.jpg b/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-ok.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e6c489
Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-ok.jpg differ
diff --git a/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-source.pxd b/src/content/verbs/de-mu-cowboys-source.pxd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef9933b
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diff --git a/src/content/verbs/jussive.mdx b/src/content/verbs/jussive.mdx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cf6d9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/content/verbs/jussive.mdx
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+---
+title: Jussive and Blessings 🤲
+---
+
+import {
+ defaultTextOptions as opts,
+ Examples,
+ InlinePs,
+ grammarUnits,
+ RootsAndStems,
+ getVerbInfo,
+ removeFVarients,
+} from "@lingdocs/ps-react";
+import {
+ Perfective,
+ Imperfective,
+ Servant,
+ MiniPronoun,
+} from "../../components/terms-links";
+import Formula from "../../components/formula/Formula";
+import Link from "../../components/Link";
+import { BlockTerm, KidsSection, PerfectiveHead, VP } from "../../components/terms-links.tsx";
+import deCowboys from "./de-cowboys.jpg";
+import deMuCowboysOk from "./de-mu-cowboys-ok.jpg";
+import deMuCowboysNotOk from "./de-mu-cowboys-not-ok.jpg";
+import psmd from "../../lib/psmd";
+
+export const De = (props) => {{ p: "دې", f: "de", e: props.e || undefined }};
+export const MU = (props) => {{ p: "مو", f: "mU", e: props.e || undefined }};
+
+In Pashto the [jussive form](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jussive_mood) is used to make orders or commands directed towards the 3rd person. This is also used for blessings and curses.
+
+In English we would say something like "May he...", "Let them...", "May God..."
+
+## The jussive دې form
+
+
+ jussive +{` `}
+ Present or Subjunctive verb
+
+
+The jussive is a particle that goes in the kids' section. And it is **not to be confused with the 2nd person !**
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "هغه دې راشي",
+ f: "hagha de ráashee",
+ e: "Let him come / he should come",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive verb",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "را دې شي",
+ f: "ráa-de-shee",
+ e: "Let him come / he should come",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive verb (shortened)",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې شفا ورکړي",
+ f: "khUdaay de shifaa wárkRee",
+ e: "May God give him health",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive verb",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې مونږ له مرضۍ نه ساتي",
+ f: "khUdaay de moonG la marizúy na saatée",
+ e: "May God keep us from sickness",
+ sub: "jussive دې + present verb",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+Notice how you can use either:
+
+- the subjunctive for one-time or instantaneous sense
+- the present for on on-going or continuous sense
+
+You can also use the subjunctive equative. For example:
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "ټولو ته مبارک وي",
+ f: "Tolo ta mUbaarak wee",
+ e: "Congratulations to everyone (may it be blessed to everyone)",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive equative",
+ }
+ ])}
+
+
+## When it conflicts with the mini-pronoun دې
+
+Earlier we mentioned that this jussive particle is **not to be confused with the 2nd person mini-pronoun .**
+
+So what happens when we need to use both in a sentence?? They both go in the kids' section, but we can't have two 's in there. We can't ever say, "."
+
+
+
+First let's look at an example without this دې conflict:
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې تا وبخښي",
+ f: "khUdaay de taa óobakhxee",
+ e: "May God forgive you",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ }
+ ])}
+
+
+In this example {{ p: "تا", f: "taa", e: "you" }} is the so we can 🪄 shrink it into a .
+
+But now we've got the problem of the two {{ p: "دې", f: "de", e: "you" }} particles. We can't say this:
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "❌ خدای دې دې وبخښي ❌",
+ f: "❌ khUdaay de de óobakhxee ❌",
+ e: "May God forgive you",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+So here's the solution in Pashto... 🥁 Instead we **get rid of the jussive and use a 2nd person singular imperative form.**
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې وبخښه",
+ f: "khUdaay de óobakhxa",
+ e: "May God forgive you",
+ sub: "دې as a *mini-pronoun* + imperative verb",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+This is interesting, because normally we only use that imperative form when making commands to a **a 2nd person singular** (ie. "you"), but because we lost the ability to use the jussive , we are using to make a *3rd person jussive phrase*.
+
+Here are more examples of how we use this to resolve the {{ p: "دې دې", f: "de de" }} conflict:
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې تا له مرضۍ نه ساتي",
+ f: "khUdaay de taa la marazúy na saatée",
+ e: "May God keep you from sickness",
+ sub: "jussive دې + full تا pronoun + present verb",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "❌ خدای دې دې له مرضۍ نه ساتي ❌",
+ f: "❌ khUdaay de de la marazúy na saatée ❌",
+ e: "May God keep you from sickness",
+ sub: "jussive دې + mini-pronoun دې (CONFLICT!)",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې له مرضۍ نه ساته",
+ f: "khUdaa de la marazúy na saatá",
+ e: "May God keep you from sickness",
+ sub: "mini-pronoun دې + imperfective imperative",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "الله دې تا په خیر ورسوي",
+ f: "allah de taa pu kheyr óorasawee",
+ e: "May God deliver you safely.",
+ sub: "jussive دې + full تا pronoun + subjunctive verb",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "❌ الله دې دې په خیر ورسوي ❌",
+ f: "❌ allah de de pu kheyr óorasawee ❌",
+ e: "May God deliver you safely.",
+ sub: "jussive دې + mini-pronoun دې (CONFLICT!)",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "الله دې په خیر ورسوه",
+ f: "allah de pu kheyr óorasawa",
+ e: "May God deliver you safely.",
+ sub: "mini-pronoun دې + perfective imperative",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+Remember that mini-pronouns can come from either shrunken servants or shrunken possessives. The same thing happens when resolving conflicts with when it comes from a shrunken possessive.
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې ستا ارمان پوره کړي",
+ f: "khUdaay de staa armáan póora kRee",
+ e: "May God fulfill your desire",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې ارمان پوره کړه",
+ f: "khUdaay de armáan póora kRa",
+ e: "May God fulfill your desire",
+ sub: "mini-pronoun دې + imperfective imperative",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "ستا زوی دې لوی شي",
+ f: "staa zooy de looy shee",
+ e: "May your son grow big",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "زوی دې لوی شه",
+ f: "zooy de looy sha",
+ e: "May your son grow big",
+ sub: "mini-pronoun دې + imperfective imperative",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+## When it conflicts with the mini-pronoun مو
+
+Things get a little more interesting when the jussive clashes with the . What happens depends on whether is:
+ - , or
+ -
+
+### With مو as 2nd person plural
+
+
+
+Just like you can't say {{ p: "دې دې", f: "de de" }}, you also can't have the jussive together with the second person plural .
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "❌ خدای مو دې له مرضۍ نه ساتي ❌",
+ f: "❌ khUdaay mU de la marazúy na saatée ❌",
+ e: "May God keep you (pl.) from sickness",
+ sub: "jussive دې + second pers. mini-pronoun مو",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای مو له مرضۍ نه ساته",
+ f: "khUdaa mU la marazúy na saatá",
+ e: "May God keep you (pl.) from sickness",
+ sub: "second pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + imperfective imperative",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "❌ الله مو دې په خیر ورسوي ❌",
+ f: "❌ allah mU de pu kheyr óorasawee ❌",
+ e: "May God deliver you safely.",
+ sub: "jussive دې + second pers. mini-pronoun مو",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "الله مو په خیر ورسوه",
+ f: "allah mU pu kheyr óorasawa",
+ e: "May God deliver you (pl.) safely.",
+ sub: "second pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + perfective imperative",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې ستاسو ارمان پوره کړي",
+ f: "khUdaay de staaso armáan póora kRee",
+ e: "May God fulfill your (pl.) desire",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای مو ارمان پوره کړه",
+ f: "khUdaay mU armáan póora kRa",
+ e: "May God fulfill your (pl.) desire",
+ sub: "second pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + perfective imperative",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "ستاسو زوی دې لوی شي",
+ f: "staaso zooy de looy shee",
+ e: "May your (pl.) son grow big",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "زوی مو لوی شه",
+ f: "zooy mU looy sha",
+ e: "May your son grow big",
+ sub: "second pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + perfective imperative",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+### with مو as 1st person plural
+
+
+
+But if the is a 1st person plural pronoun, then it *can* co-exist with the jussive .
+
+
+ {psmd([
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې مو له مرضۍ نه ساتي",
+ f: "khUdaa de mU la marazúy na saatée",
+ e: "May God keep us from sickness",
+ sub: "first pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + present",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "الله دې مو په خیر ورسوي",
+ f: "allah de mU pu kheyr óorasawee",
+ e: "May God deliver use safely.",
+ sub: "first pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې زمونږ ارمان پوره کړي",
+ f: "khUdaay de zmoonG armáan póora kRee",
+ e: "May God fulfill our desire",
+ sub: "first pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "خدای دې مو ارمان پوره کړي",
+ f: "khUdaay de mU armáan póora kRee",
+ e: "May God fulfill our desire",
+ sub: "first pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "زمونږ زوی دې لوی شي",
+ f: "zmoonG zooy de looy shee",
+ e: "May our son grow big",
+ sub: "jussive دې + subjunctive",
+ },
+ {
+ p: "زوی دې مو لوی شي",
+ f: "zooy de mU looy shee",
+ e: "May our son grow big",
+ sub: "first pers. pl. mini-pronoun مو + subjunctive",
+ },
+ ])}
+
+
+Notice for all these examples we never use the 2nd person imperative form, because we are still able to use the jussive .
+