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lingdocs 2021-07-17 17:44:24 +03:00
parent 294581c160
commit 3e2ca7b074
5 changed files with 16 additions and 13 deletions

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@ -91,7 +91,10 @@ export const regularTrans = regularVerbs.filter((verb) => verb.entry.c && verb.e
<InfoCarousel items={regularTrans} />
It's important to remember that **in the perfective <i class="fas fa-camera" /> forms the accent is always on the first syllable**. With Pashto verbs, the accent is extremely important to the meaning of the verb.
**Two important things to remember about the <i class="fas fa-camera" /> perfective side:**
1. The accent is always on the first syllable
2. There is always a split after the first syllable
## Regular Intransitive Verbs
@ -104,9 +107,9 @@ export const regularIntrans = regularVerbs.filter((verb) => verb.entry.c && verb
<InfoCarousel items={regularIntrans} />
## Verbs with irregular present forms
## Verbs with irregular stems
There are many verbs that use an irregular present form. With these verbs the stems are totally different from the roots.
There are many verbs where the top half (the stems/present form) is totally different from the bottom half (the roots/past form).
export const irregularPresentFormVerbs = verbs.filter((verb) => (
verb.entry.psp && !verb.entry.ssp && !verb.entry.prp && !verb.entry.pprtp && !verb.entry.noOo && !verb.entry.sepO
@ -114,9 +117,9 @@ export const irregularPresentFormVerbs = verbs.filter((verb) => (
<InfoCarousel items={irregularPresentFormVerbs} />
## Seperable Verbs
## Verbs with no <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "و", f: "óo" }} /> prefix
Some verbs don't take an <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.ooPrefix} /> prefix because they have little particles in the front like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کې", f: "ke" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "پرې", f: "pre" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "بو", f: "bo" }} />, or <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "څم", f: "tsam" }} />. These little particles split away from the verb in the perfective aspect just like the <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.ooPrefix} /> would.
Some verbs don't take an <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.ooPrefix} /> prefix because they have little particles in the front like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کې", f: "ke" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "پرې", f: "pre" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "بو", f: "bo" }} />, or <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "څم", f: "tsam" }} />. These little particles split away from the verb in the perfective aspect just like the <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.ooPrefix} /> would in other verbs.
Even though we can't add a <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.ooPrefix} /> prefix, we still have to shift the accent to the front of the root/stem in the perfective aspect.
@ -153,9 +156,9 @@ export const irregularVerbs = verbs.filter((verb) => {
<InfoCarousel items={irregularVerbs} />
## About the split in the perfective forms
## About the split in the perfective side
Most of the perfective roots and stems have a spot where the verb can be broken apart. You can shove the following particles in this opening:
In the perfective roots and stems there is always a spot where the verb can be broken apart. You can crack this split open and shove the following particles in-between the first syllable and the rest of the stem/root:
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "نه", f: "nu", e: "negative marker" }} />
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={grammarUnits.baParticle} />

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@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ The subjunctive is made the same way as its cousin the <Link to="/verbs/present-
### Should or shouldn't
<Examples opts={opts}>{psmd([
{ p: "زه یې واخلم؟", f: "zu ye **waakhlum?**", e: "Should I take it?" },
{ p: "زه یې واخلم؟", f: "zu ye **wáakhlum?**", e: "Should I take it?" },
{ p: "هغه دې **راشي**.", f: "haghá de **ráashee**.", e: "He should come." },
{ p: "ډوډۍ **وخورو**؟", f: "DoDuy **óokhoroo**?", e: "Should we eat food?" },
{ p: "په کار دی چې مونږ انګیلسي **زده کړو**.", f: "pu kaar dey che moonG ingleesee **zda kRoo**.", e: "We need to learn English." },
{ p: "چې ورسره خبرې **و**نه **کړې**!", f: "che wăr-sara khabure **oo**-nu-**kRe**!", e: "You'd better not talk to him!" },
{ p: "په کار دی چې مونږ انګیلسي **زده کړو**.", f: "pu kaar dey che moonG ingleesee **zdá kRoo**.", e: "We need to learn English." },
{ p: "چې ورسره خبرې **و**نه **کړې**!", f: "che wăr-sara khabure **oo**-nú-**kRe**!", e: "You'd better not talk to him!" },
])}</Examples>
**Note**: the subjunctive can be used almost like an imperative in situations like this.
@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ The subjunctive is made the same way as its cousin the <Link to="/verbs/present-
### Purpose
<Examples opts={opts}>{psmd([
{ p: "هغه ورو ورو خبرې کوي، چې **پوه شي**.", f: "haghá wro wro khabure kawee, che **poh shee**.", e: "She speaks slowly so that she'll understand." },
{ p: "زه ورته کتابونه ورکوم، چې **و**یې **لولي**.", f: "zu wăr-ta kitaaboona wăr-kawum, che **oo**-ye-**lwulee**.", e: "I'm giving him books so that he'll read them." },
{ p: "هغه ورو ورو خبرې کوي، چې **پوه شي**.", f: "haghá wro wro khabure kawee, che **póh shee**.", e: "She speaks slowly so that she'll understand." },
{ p: "زه ورته کتابونه ورکوم، چې **و**یې **لولي**.", f: "zu wăr-ta kitaaboona wăr-kawum, che **óo**-ye-**lwulee**.", e: "I'm giving him books so that he'll read them." },
])}</Examples>
**Note**: Because the subjunctive is made from the perfect stem, the front part of it (usually <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "و", f: "óo" }} />) can be split off and you can put little particles like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "نه", f: "nú" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "هم", f: "hum" }} />, and <Link to="/pronouns/pronouns-mini/">mini-pronouns</Link> in between it and the rest of the verb. See the verb trees 🌳 and click on the split button to see where this split happens.
**Note**: Because the subjunctive is made from the perfect stem, the front part of it (usually <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "و", f: "óo" }} />) can be split off and you can put little particles like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "نه", f: "nú" }} />, <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "هم", f: "hum" }} />, and <Link to="/pronouns/pronouns-mini/">mini-pronouns</Link> in between it and the rest of the verb. See the <Link to="/verbs/roots-and-stems/">verb trees</Link> 🌳 and click on the split button to see where this split happens.
When you use the negative <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "نه", f: "nú" }} /> particle, it <strong>always</strong> has to go in this split. (And <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "نه", f: "nú" }} /> always takes over the emphasis/accent on the word.)