diff --git a/src/components/terms-links.tsx b/src/components/terms-links.tsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d4fee10 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/components/terms-links.tsx @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +import Link from "./Link"; + +export function NP({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "NP"}; +} + +export function AP({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "AP"}; +} + +export function VP({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "VP"}; +} + +export function EP({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "EP"}; +} + +export function KidsSection({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "kids' section"}; +} + +export function MiniPronoun({ text }: { text: string}) { + return {text || "mini-pronoun"}; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/content/pronouns/pronouns-mini.mdx b/src/content/pronouns/pronouns-mini.mdx index 255c60d..41d918c 100644 --- a/src/content/pronouns/pronouns-mini.mdx +++ b/src/content/pronouns/pronouns-mini.mdx @@ -24,8 +24,22 @@ import psmd from "../../lib/psmd"; import bigAndLittleBrother from "../../images/big-and-little-brother.jpg"; import Link from "../../components/Link"; import Chart from "../../components/Chart"; +import EditableVPEx, { EditIcon } from "../../components/phrase-diagram/EditableVPEx"; +import { NP, AP, KidsSection, VP } from "../../components/terms-links"; -Mini-pronouns are shrunken forms of pronouns that are used to shorten parts of a phrase. They're like little babies and so they need to go in the kids' section 👶. +export function ServantIcon() { + return ; +}; + +export function KingIcon() { + return ; +} + +export function MiniButton() { + return Mini ; +} + +Mini-pronouns are shrunken forms of pronouns that are used to shorten parts of a phrase. They're like little babies and so they need to go in the 👶. @@ -46,49 +60,59 @@ Mini-pronouns are shrunken forms of pronouns that are used to shorten parts of a ## Where they're used -Mini pronouns can only be used as one of three things: +For Pashto learners, it can be confusing to see these little pronouns peppered in sentences. They can seem ambiguous and confusing, as if they could mean *anything*. Thankfully Pashto gives us another very simple rule to know what mini-pronouns can be used for. Mini pronouns are only used to "shrink" 🪄 or replace **two things**: -1. The **object** of a **present transitive** verb -2. The **subject** of a **past transitive** verb -3. A **possesive** pronoun +1. The **servant** of a +3. A **possesive** -Below are some examples of how mini pronouns can be used in the place of regular pronouns. The mini pronouns are used when you don't need a strong emphasis on the pronoun. +### 1. As a shrunken servant -### 1. As the object of a present transitive verb +
-{[ - [ - { p: "زه تا وینم", f: "zu taa weenum", e: "I see you"}, - { p: "زه دې وینم", f: "zu de weenum", e: "I see you"}, - ], - [ - { p: "هلک ما وهي", f: "haluk maa wahee", e: "The boy's hitting me" }, - { p: "هلک مې وهي", f: "haluk me wahee", e: "The boy's hitting me" }, - ], - [ - { p: "دوي ولې مونږ وهی؟", f: "dwee wăle moonG wahée?", e: "Why are they hitting us?" }, - { p: "دوي ولې مو وهی؟", f: "dwee wăle mU wahée?", e: "Why are they hitting us?" }, - ], -]} +What's a servant? -### 2. As the subject of a past transitive verb +There's an explanation about what a servant is in the section on VPs. Basically a servant is either: -{[ - [ - { p: "ما ډوډۍ وخوړله", f: "maa DoDuy óokhoRula", e: "I ate food"}, - { p: "ډوډۍ مې وخوړله", f: "DoDuy me óokhoRula", e: "I ate food"}, - ], - [ - { p: "هغه واده کړی دی", f: "haghú waadu kúRey dey", e: "He's gotten married" }, - { p: "واده یې کړی دی", f: "waadu ye kúRey dey", e: "He's gotten married" }, - ], - [ - { p: "ما ولیدې", f: "maa óoleede", e: "I saw you" }, - { p: "ومې لیدې", f: "óo-me-leede", e: "I saw you" }, - ], -]} +- the **object** of a non-past transitive verb +- the **subject** of a past-tense transitive verb -### 3. As a possesive pronoun +We call these the **servant** of the because they're not the **king** of the phrase -- they don't control the verb. (There is no servant with an intransitive verb.) + +
+ +The "servant" in a can be "shrunken" 🪄 and replaced with a mini pronoun. + +#### Examples with non-past transitive verbs + +Have a look at this present tense phrase. + +{ + {"blocks":[{"key":0.9744021270696674,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.68319897242172,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":2,"distance":"far"}}}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11608,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"presentVerb","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"active","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}} +} + +The object is the servant , so we can shrink 🪄 it into a mini-pronoun and then put it in the kids' section. + +{ + {"blocks":[{"key":0.9744021270696674,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.68319897242172,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":2,"distance":"far"}}}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11608,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"presentVerb","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"active","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":true}} +} + +Whatever the servant is, the whole block is shrunken and replaced by a mini pronoun. For example we can have a really long like . Have a look at the blocks that make up this phrase by clicking on the , then see what happens when you click on the below to shrink the servant. + +{ + {"blocks":[{"key":0.957009632373707,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":1,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.21709277985114528,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"noun","entry":{"ts":1527812564,"i":6538,"p":"ډوډۍ","f":"DoDúy","g":"DoDuy","e":"bread, food, meal","c":"n. f."},"gender":"fem","genderCanChange":false,"number":"singular","numberCanChange":true,"adjectives":[{"type":"adjective","entry":{"ts":1527812813,"i":5864,"p":"خوندور","f":"khwundawar","g":"khwundawar","e":"tasty, delicious","c":"adj."}}],"possesor":{"np":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"noun","entry":{"ts":1527812928,"i":12956,"p":"مور","f":"mor","g":"mor","e":"mother, mom","c":"n. f. anim.","ppp":"میندې, میېندې","ppf":"méynde, myénde"},"gender":"fem","genderCanChange":false,"number":"singular","numberCanChange":true,"adjectives":[],"possesor":{"np":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":3,"distance":"far"}},"shrunken":false}}},"shrunken":false}}}}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812790,"i":5795,"p":"خوړل","f":"khoRul","g":"khoRul","e":"to eat, to bite","c":"v. trans.","psp":"خور","psf":"khor","tppp":"خوړ","tppf":"khoR","ec":"eat,eats,eating,ate,eaten"}},"verbTense":"imperfectiveFuture","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"active","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":false,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}} +} + +#### Examples with past-tense transitive verbs + +With **past-tense transitive verbs, the servant is the subject**. See what happens when you shrink the servant with this kid of VP. (Click below) + +{ + {"blocks":[{"key":0.9744021270696674,"block":{"type":"subjectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":0,"distance":"far"}}}},{"key":0.68319897242172,"block":{"type":"objectSelection","selection":{"type":"NP","selection":{"type":"pronoun","person":2,"distance":"far"}}}}],"verb":{"type":"verb","verb":{"entry":{"ts":1527812275,"i":11608,"p":"لیدل","f":"leedul","g":"leedul","e":"to see","c":"v. trans./gramm. trans.","psp":"وین","psf":"ween","tppp":"لید","tppf":"leed","ec":"see,sees,seeing,saw,seen"}},"verbTense":"perfectivePast","perfectTense":"presentPerfect","imperativeTense":"imperfectiveImperative","tenseCategory":"basic","transitivity":"transitive","isCompound":false,"voice":"active","negative":false,"canChangeTransitivity":true,"canChangeVoice":true,"canChangeStatDyn":false},"form":{"removeKing":false,"shrinkServant":false}} +} + +### 2. As a shrunken possesive + +Better explanation and examples coming soon... {[ [