note on ability exceptions

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adueck 2023-08-04 18:33:44 +04:00
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@ -1107,7 +1107,38 @@ Of course we can also use the habitual past forms with ability, simply by adding
## Exceptions ## Exceptions
With <Link to="/compound-verbs/stative-compounds/#intransitive-stative-compounds">intransitive stative compound verbs</Link> we can't use the perfective roots because it would be awkward doubling up the <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کېدل", f: "kedúl", e: "to become" }} /> helper verbs. For example, you can't say <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ داخل شولی شوم ❌", f: "❌ daakhil shwulay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to enter" }} /> because <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ شولی شوم ❌", f: "❌ shwulay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to enter" }} /> is just... no. With certain verbs we can't use the perfective roots, so they lose the aspect and just use the <Video />imperfective form. This is true for
- verbs with irregular perfect roots
- <Link to="/compound-verbs/stative-compounds/#intransitive-stative-compounds">
intransitive stative compound verbs
</Link>
### With verbs with irregular perfective roots
There are a few verbs like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "تلل", f: "tlul", e: "to go" }} /> and <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "وړل", f: "wuRul", e: "to to bring" }} /> that have <Link to="/verbs/roots-and-stems/#totally-irregular-verbs">irregular perfective roots</Link>. With these verbs we can't make an ability form from the perfective roots, and we just have to use the imperfective form for everything. Here are some examples:
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "تلل", f: "tlul", e: "to go" }} />{" "}
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "راتلل", f: "raatlúl", e: "to come" }} />
- <InlinePs
opts={opts}
ps={{ p: "درتلل", f: "dartlúl", e: "to go - to second person" }}
/>
- <InlinePs
opts={opts}
ps={{ p: "ورتلل", f: "wartlúl", e: "to go - to third person" }}
/>
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "وړل", f: "wuRul", e: "to bring" }} />
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کېدل", f: "kedul", e: "to become" }} />
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کېدل", f: "kedul", e: "to happen" }} />
These ones will also **use the imperfective roots and stems on both sides**, because you can't say something like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ زه لاړلی شوم ❌", f: "❌ zu laaRúlay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to go" }} />. You have to use the imperfective stems and roots and say <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "زه تللی شوم", f: "zu tlúlay shwum", e: "I was able to go" }} />, regardless of the aspect.
The verbs <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کول", f: "kawul", e: "to make" }} /> and <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کول", f: "kawul", e: "to do" }} /> are exceptions to this exception 🤪 ... because with these you can use the perfective roots.
### With intransitive stative verbs
With <Link to="/compound-verbs/stative-compounds/#intransitive-stative-compounds">intransitive stative compound verbs</Link> we can't use the perfective roots because of the rule above, and because it would be awkward doubling up the <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "کېدل", f: "kedúl", e: "to become" }} /> helper verbs. For example, you can't say <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ داخل شولی شوم ❌", f: "❌ daakhil shwulay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to enter" }} /> because <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ شولی شوم ❌", f: "❌ shwulay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to enter" }} /> is just... no.
So for the ability roots and stems of <Link to="/compound-verbs/stative-compounds/#intransitive-stative-compounds">intransitive stative compound verbs</Link> we just <strong>use the imperfective roots and stems <Video /> for both sides</strong>. So for the ability roots and stems of <Link to="/compound-verbs/stative-compounds/#intransitive-stative-compounds">intransitive stative compound verbs</Link> we just <strong>use the imperfective roots and stems <Video /> for both sides</strong>.
@ -1201,21 +1232,6 @@ This means that when someone says:
They could be talking about it in a imperfective <Video /> sense (I was able to enter whenever I wanted to) or a perfective <Camera /> sense. (I was able to enter in one instance) Both are exactly the same with these kinds of verbs. They could be talking about it in a imperfective <Video /> sense (I was able to enter whenever I wanted to) or a perfective <Camera /> sense. (I was able to enter in one instance) Both are exactly the same with these kinds of verbs.
The same thing goes for the <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "تلل", f: "tlul", e: "to go" }} /> verbs:
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "تلل", f: "tlul", e: "to go" }} />{" "}
- <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "راتلل", f: "raatlúl", e: "to come" }} />
- <InlinePs
opts={opts}
ps={{ p: "درتلل", f: "dartlúl", e: "to go - to second person" }}
/>
- <InlinePs
opts={opts}
ps={{ p: "ورتلل", f: "wartlúl", e: "to go - to third person" }}
/>
These ones will also **use the imperfective roots and stems on both sides**, because you can't say something like <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "❌ زه لاړلی شوم ❌", f: "❌ zu laaRúlay shwum ❌", e: "I was able to go" }} />. You have to use the imperfective stems and roots and say <InlinePs opts={opts} ps={{ p: "زه تللی شوم", f: "zu tlúlay shwum", e: "I was able to go" }} />, regardless of the aspect.
<GoingStems /> <GoingStems />
## Variations ## Variations