From 02e323cd08c9141764643434a39a7932bc0b86f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: lingdocs <71590811+lingdocs@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 26 Jun 2021 15:19:25 +0400
Subject: [PATCH] more work on verbs intro

---
 src/content/verbs/verbs-intro.mdx | 52 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 46 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/content/verbs/verbs-intro.mdx b/src/content/verbs/verbs-intro.mdx
index 4fdcfc2..6da4af5 100644
--- a/src/content/verbs/verbs-intro.mdx
+++ b/src/content/verbs/verbs-intro.mdx
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ title: 🧰 Intro to Verbs
 
 import Link from "../../components/Link";
 
+#### Why Bother With Verb Grammar? 🧐
+
 In any language we have different **verb forms** that are used for different reasons. For example, in English here are some different verb forms:
 
 - I am going
@@ -17,16 +19,54 @@ In any language we have different **verb forms** that are used for different rea
 
 These **different verb forms are like tools 🔨🔧✂ that you can use in different situations**. 
 
-⚠ **Different languages have different sets of tools that are used in different ways**. When learning a new language it's important to remember that you are getting a _new toolbox full of new tools_ 🆕🧰🗜⚒✨ When you get a new set of tools you need to make sure you understand:
+Here's the trick: ⚠ **Different languages have different sets of tools that are used in different ways**. When learning a new language it's important to remember that _you are getting a totally new toolbox full of new tools_ 🆕🧰🗜⚒✨ 
 
-1. What they are (how to make the verb forms)
-2. When to use them (what they mean and what situations they're used in)
+When you get a new set of tools you need to make sure you understand:
 
-If we don't think carefully about this, 🤔 we will often just assume that we can use the new tools (verb forms) just like we did in our native language. As adults, there is a massive temptation to shove the new verb forms into the categories that we have in our own language, and to try to use the tools like we did before. We can think we know the tool, but because it's actually different we end up using it wrongly and sometimes even cause damage!
+1. **What they are**  
+    How to make the verb forms and recognize them
+2. **When to use them**   
+    What they mean and what situations they're used in
 
-For example, you may have met a German who's learned excellent English, but when the doorbell rings they jump up and say, _"I get the door!"_ 🔔🚪🏃‍♂️. In English you have to use a different verb form and say, "I'll get the door." But they're so used to using their trusty German tool (the Präsens) for everything that saying "I get the door" still "feels right" to them, even though it's completely wrong. Taking careful stock of a new set of tools (verb forms) in a language can keep us from mistakes like this. 🧰🤓👍
+If we don't think carefully about this, 🤔 we will often just assume that we can use the new tools (verb forms) just like we did in our first language, and then we have problems. As adults, there is a massive temptation to try to use the tools like we did before in our native language. We can think we know the tool, but because it's actually different we end up using it wrongly.
 
-In the chapters ahead we will try to explain what the different forms of the verbs are and when to use them. But first, it's important to understand a little bit about <Link to="/verbs/verb-aspect/">verb aspect</Link>.
+For example, you may have met a German who's learned excellent English, but when the doorbell rings they jump up and say, _"I get the door!"_ 🔔🚪🏃‍♂️. In English you have to use a different verb form and say, "I'll get the door." So why do they make this mistake when they seem so fluent in English? Let's look at the different tools/verb forms we have in English in German:
+
+<table className="table table-bordered" style={{ tableLayout: "fixed" }}>
+    <thead>
+        <tr>
+            <th scope="col">English</th>
+            <th scope="col">German</th>
+        </tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+        <tr>
+            <td>
+                <div>I'll open the door (right now)</div>
+                <div className="text-muted">Simple Future</div>
+            </td>
+            <td rowspan={2} style={{ verticalAlign: "middle"}}>
+                <div>Ich öffne die Tür</div>
+                <div className="text-muted">Präsens</div>
+            </td>
+        </tr>
+        <tr>
+            <td>
+                <div>I open the door (always, it's my job)</div>
+                <div className="text-muted">Present Simple</div>
+            </td>
+        </tr>
+    </tbody>
+</table>
+
+See what's happening to the German speakers? 🧠 Their brain wants to use the same categories/tools for things that they grow up with, and so they use the English present form in both situations. They're so used to using _their_ present tense for everything that it still "feels right" for them to use it for everthying while speaking English. But new languages come with new tools, and we need to be careful to learn what they are and when they are used. 🧰🤓👍
+
+<details>
+    <summary>Another example...</summary>
+Not understanding how to use your new verb form tools may make you sound funny, but sometimes it can make you sound downright rude! 😯 For example, in languages like Urdu or Korean you have different imperative verb forms. You can make commands nicer by adding extra endings to make sure that you are sounding polite and considerate. But English doesn't have this feature. A command is just a command. So sometimes when these people speak English they will make very rude-sounding commands like "Give me some water!" because they assume that they should use the imperative like they do in their own language, instead of using a question like, "Could I please have some water?"
+</details>
+
+In the chapters ahead we will try to explain what the different forms of the verbs are and when to use them. But first, it's important to understand a little bit about something very important in Pashto: <Link to="/verbs/verb-aspect/">verb aspect</Link>.
 
 ---